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The vegetation succession of abandoned villages in České středohoří Mts.
Staňková, Markéta ; Novák, Jan (advisor) ; Prach, Martin (referee)
The České středohoří mts. is a mountain range with an interesting geological history and rich history of the 20th century. The mountain range is of volcanic origin, and despite the relatively steep hills and high altitude, it was densely populated. The population of this territory was mainly of German origin, German-speaking and the territory was part of the so-called Sudetenland. After the World War II, the German population was displaced, and a large part of the villages disappeared despite efforts of repopulation. The landscape used to form a mosaic which is now disappearing. In the areas of the former Sudetenland, the expansion of secondary forests at the expense of original fields and meadows is a common condition, as in other places in Europe or North America. Secondary succession is a phenomenon that is influenced by several factors, such as soil moisture, nutrient content or degree of shading. Thanks to the higher pH of the subsoil and the higher nutrient content, the villages have more ruderal and nitrophilous species than the surrounding ancient/continual forests. The historical way of farming has a significant influence on the landscape, and the question is to what extent this influence is irreversible. This bachelor's thesis is a literary research about successional vegetation of...
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Physical-geographical aspects of vegetation succession and soil development with focus on abandoned mining sites
Zamazalová, Kateřina ; Chuman, Tomáš (advisor) ; Zádorová, Tereza (referee)
The thesis focuses on the background research of pedogenesis and vegetation succession within a primary succession. An attention is paid to abandoned mining sites. The role of a rock sub-soil is emphasized. The found facts was examined on samples, where the dependency of pH and amount of organic carbon in soil on substrate and type of vegetation was examined. Statistically significant differences in soil and vegetation development on different substrates were not found, however there was observed the influence of carbonate substrate from neighborhood. This substrate allowed in a sililic quarry a formation of nutrient rich vegetation similar to that described in limestone quarries. Humidity of the soil and groundwater table depth were suggested as more determining in vegetation succesion, especially in life forms domination. Primary successsion was influenced by neighborhood of the area in many aspects.
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Vegetation succession and soil development on heaps from brown coal mining
Veselý, Martin ; Chuman, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šefrna, Luděk (referee)
Plant diversity and selected soil parameters from 36 sites placed on brown coal mining spoil heaps were analyzed and compared. Spontaneously revegetated or technically reclaimed spoil heaps of different age were situated in brown coal mining district of eastern Most basin in north western part of the Czech republic. Samples were sorted in groups according to vegetation growth and type. Plant diversity increases during succession development and is higher on non-reclaimed sites than reclaimed sites, where diversity decreases with time. Soil bulk density decreases during succession on all sites. Soil pH is decreasing too and this process is faster on spontaneously revegetated sites. Old successional forest type sites have very acid soils probably due to properties of original mineral matrix. Thickness of organic horizon and A horizon is increasing during succession and they appear in mid-aged sites first. Content of soil organic carbon is increasing continuously. Non-reclaimed sites reach higher contents, mainly because of higher content of fossil organic matter in spoil mineral matrix. Keywords: vegetation succession, soil development, reclamation, brown coal mining heaps
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Current state of vegetation in the Sázava River floodplain after spring flood in 2006
Klášterková, Hana ; Chuman, Tomáš (advisor) ; Matějček, Tomáš (referee)
In this diploma thesis current state of vegetation cover was analyzed after spring flood in 2006 on the lower section of the Sázava river. Immediately after the flood there were 38 sites with alluvial deposits identified in the floodplain. The differences in species composition and species diversity between sites with alluvial deposits and sites without deposits were analyzed. The data were collected by using phytosociological relevés in pairs i.e. - plot with an alluvial deposit and plot without. There were 86 vascular plant species recorded out of which 10 species were non-native but not invasive species and 7 species were non-native invasive species. Results of this thesis revealed that species composition and diversity of invasive species differ between plots with alluvial deposits and plots without alluvial deposits. Moreover, plots without alluvial deposits host more invasive species. Keywords: vegetation succession, river floodplain, extreme floods, species diversity, plant invasion
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Vegetation succession at the clearings at the pine forest areas
Šmidrkalová, Monika ; Hadincová, Věroslava (advisor) ; Prach, Karel (referee)
Vegetation succession at the clearings at the pine forests areas was studied in the sandstone landscapes of the Czech Republic (Bohemian Paradise, Doksy region, Bohemian Switzerland). The aim of the study was to reveal the course of succession, the rate of changes, the factors influencing succession and the differences between the vegetation succession trajectory at the clearings and the burnt places. Space-for- time substitution method was used to record overall 249 phytocenological relevés (100 m2 ) at the clearings from 1 to 170 years, divided into 7 successional stages. The results showed the total number of species did not change significantly during the succession. There were differences in the species composition between successsional stages. The youngest successional stages (to 5 years) differed the most from the older stages by the occurence of shade-intolerant ruderal species. The eldest stages (over 40 years) were similar in the species composition. The type of planted tree and locality influenced the species composition the most within 10 years. The comparative study between the succession at the clearings and the burnt places showed significantly lower total number of species at the clearings. The development of the...
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Vegetation succession and soil development on heaps from brown coal mining
Veselý, Martin ; Chuman, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šefrna, Luděk (referee)
Plant diversity and selected soil parameters from 36 sites placed on brown coal mining spoil heaps were analyzed and compared. Spontaneously revegetated or technically reclaimed spoil heaps of different age were situated in brown coal mining district of eastern Most basin in north western part of the Czech republic. Samples were sorted in groups according to vegetation growth and type. Plant diversity increases during succession development and is higher on non-reclaimed sites than reclaimed sites, where diversity decreases with time. Soil bulk density decreases during succession on all sites. Soil pH is decreasing too and this process is faster on spontaneously revegetated sites. Old successional forest type sites have very acid soils probably due to properties of original mineral matrix. Thickness of organic horizon and A horizon is increasing during succession and they appear in mid-aged sites first. Content of soil organic carbon is increasing continuously. Non-reclaimed sites reach higher contents, mainly because of higher content of fossil organic matter in spoil mineral matrix. Keywords: vegetation succession, soil development, reclamation, brown coal mining heaps
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Physical-geographical aspects of vegetation succession and soil development with focus on abandoned mining sites
Zamazalová, Kateřina ; Chuman, Tomáš (advisor) ; Zádorová, Tereza (referee)
The thesis focuses on the background research of pedogenesis and vegetation succession within a primary succession. An attention is paid to abandoned mining sites. The role of a rock sub-soil is emphasized. The found facts was examined on samples, where the dependency of pH and amount of organic carbon in soil on substrate and type of vegetation was examined. Statistically significant differences in soil and vegetation development on different substrates were not found, however there was observed the influence of carbonate substrate from neighborhood. This substrate allowed in a sililic quarry a formation of nutrient rich vegetation similar to that described in limestone quarries. Humidity of the soil and groundwater table depth were suggested as more determining in vegetation succesion, especially in life forms domination. Primary successsion was influenced by neighborhood of the area in many aspects.
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Succession of vegetation on dumps around the town of Kladno
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Helena
The rate and directions of spontaneous vegetation succession in relation to enviromental factors such as successional age, vegetation occuring in the surroundings, distance of studied plots from the edge of a dump, orientation to the cardinal points and the angle of the slope was studied in 19 spoil heaps from black coal mining around the town of Kladno, Czech Republic. The dumps ranged in age from 10 to more then 100 years since abandonment. Vegetation categories in the surroundings, age and angle of the slope significantly influenced the course of the succession, which led to a formation of either shrubwood or woodland with especially Acer platanoides , A. pseudoplatanus and Tilia cordata, including the invasive species Robinia pseudacacia. Based on the results it was concluded that technical reclamation is unsuitable for the dumps except for small parts where native species of trees can be planted or for the slopes that need to be protected against erosion. The research was conducted from 2005 to 2007.
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